Why Electric Bicycle Range Drops Faster Than Expected on Hot or Cold Rides
Why Electric Bicycle Range Drops Faster Than Expected on Hot or Cold Rides After twelve years supporting electric bicycle systems in both development testing and field support, a frequent observation is that stated range and power delivery fall short under ordinary riding conditions that differ from laboratory baselines. The shortfall is often traced to battery temperature rather than to motor efficiency or tire pressure. Lithium-ion cells change both available capacity and internal resistance with temperature, and the battery management system enforces limits that further reduce usable energy.