Akumulatora l\u0101d\u0113t\u0101ja izv\u0113lei ir iz\u0161\u0137iro\u0161a noz\u012bme attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz uzl\u0101des \u0101trumu un akumulatora ilgm\u016b\u017e\u012bbu. \u0160o akumulatora apr\u016bpes elementu ietekm\u0113 ar\u012b j\u016bsu izv\u0113le starp \u0101tru vai l\u0113nu uzl\u0101des \u0101trumu.<\/p>\n
Izvairieties no akumulatora p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgas uzl\u0101des! P\u0101rl\u0101de var pa\u0101trin\u0101t priek\u0161laic\u012bgu noveco\u0161anu un pat izrais\u012bt termisko izs\u012bk\u0161anu.<\/p>\n
L\u012bcija akumulatoriem, kas atrodas j\u016bsu e-velosip\u0113d\u0101, motoroller\u012b vai elektromobil\u012b, ir nepiecie\u0161ama \u012bpa\u0161a piesardz\u012bba, tos uzl\u0101d\u0113jot. Ja t\u0101s p\u0101r\u0101k ilgi atst\u0101j piesl\u0113gtas pie t\u012bkla, t\u0101s var p\u0101rl\u0101d\u0113ties un pat eksplod\u0113t - t\u0101p\u0113c piesl\u0113dziet t\u0101s tikai tad, kad tas ir nepiecie\u0161ams, un nekad neatst\u0101jiet bez uzraudz\u012bbas ilg\u0101k par vair\u0101k nek\u0101 da\u017e\u0101m stund\u0101m vienlaic\u012bgi.<\/p>\n
Litija akumulatoriem ir nepiecie\u0161ama \u013coti l\u0113na uzl\u0101des \u0101trums, lai nov\u0113rstu p\u0101rl\u0101d\u0113\u0161anos un ugunsb\u012bstam\u012bbu, ne \u0101tr\u0101k par to, kas var b\u016bt nepiecie\u0161ams, lai sasniegtu 80% uzl\u0101di. Tas dod elektrodiem laiku absorb\u0113t litija jonus to graf\u012bta loksn\u0113s, neuzl\u0101d\u0113jot tos ar uzl\u0101di, ko rada \u0101tra uzl\u0101de, piem\u0113ram, 4C vai 10C; lai gan da\u017eos gad\u012bjumos \u0101tr\u0101ka uzl\u0101de joproj\u0101m var darboties, bet t\u0101 iev\u0113rojami sa\u012bsina akumulatora kalpo\u0161anas laiku.<\/p>\n
Akumulatora l\u0101d\u0113t\u0101js ir r\u016bp\u012bgi j\u0101projekt\u0113 katram akumulatora tipam, ko tas uzl\u0101d\u0113s, un tam j\u0101b\u016bt apr\u012bkotam ar mikroprocesoru, kas analiz\u0113 akumulatora vesel\u012bbas st\u0101vokli un nosaka t\u0101 sp\u0113ju pie\u0146emt pilnu uzl\u0101di. Tas \u013cauj l\u0101d\u0113t\u0101jam attiec\u012bgi piel\u0101got uzl\u0101des str\u0101vu un izvair\u012bties no p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgas uzl\u0101des; da\u017eiem akumulatoriem ir ieb\u016bv\u0113tas aizsardz\u012bbas sh\u0113mas, kas nov\u0113r\u0161 p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgu uzl\u0101di.<\/p>\n
Regul\u0101ri izmantotie akumulatori j\u0101uzglab\u0101 40%-70% apm\u0113r\u0101 no to ietilp\u012bbas, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu optim\u0101lu ilgm\u016b\u017e\u012bbu. Lai izl\u0101d\u0113tu izl\u0101d\u0113tu akumulatoru l\u012bdz \u0161im glab\u0101\u0161anas l\u012bmenim, pietiek ar 60 min\u016b\u0161u uzl\u0101di.<\/p>\n
Kalifornijas Universit\u0101tes Sandjego p\u0113tnieki ir izstr\u0101d\u0101ju\u0161i litija jonu akumulatora anodu, kas sp\u0113j uzl\u0101d\u0113ties l\u012bdz 80 procentiem maz\u0101k nek\u0101 stundas laik\u0101, t\u0101 sast\u0101v\u0101 izmantojot da\u017e\u0101du izm\u0113ru da\u013ci\u0146u mais\u012bjumu un atstarpes, lai ieg\u016btu, k\u0101 TechXplore to d\u0113v\u0113, \"\u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi lielu virsmas laukumu\". Turkl\u0101t ra\u017eo\u0161anas laik\u0101 tika \u012bstenota \u012bpa\u0161a sild\u012b\u0161anas un dzes\u0113\u0161anas apstr\u0101de, lai anodu p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas \u012bs\u0101ku laiku p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas maz\u0101k pak\u013cautu augst\u0101m temperat\u016br\u0101m - tas sola iev\u0113rojamu laika ietaup\u012bjumu, uzl\u0101d\u0113jot elektromobi\u013cus, portat\u012bvo elektroniku vai citas ar akumulatoru darbin\u0101mas ier\u012bces.<\/p>\n
Litijs ir neat\u0146emama litija akumulatoru sast\u0101vda\u013ca, jo tas ir viegls, ar augstu elektro\u0137\u012bmisko potenci\u0101lu un \u0101tru elektronu p\u0101rneses \u0101trumu - \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, kas nodro\u0161ina liel\u0101ku jaudas bl\u012bvumu vien\u0101 akumulator\u0101, vienlaikus saglab\u0101jot maz\u0101ku kop\u0113jo izm\u0113ru. Pa\u0161laik akumulatoru ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 domin\u0113 litijs, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 t\u0101 pieejam\u012bbu un izmaksas; tom\u0113r p\u0113d\u0113jos gados strauji att\u012bst\u012bju\u0161\u0101s n\u0101trija jonu baterijas, kas ir l\u0113t\u0101kas alternat\u012bvas daudziem lietojumiem.<\/p>\n
Nesen vis\u0101 valst\u012b ir izc\u0113lu\u0161ies ugunsgr\u0113ki, kuros aizdegu\u0161\u0101s uzl\u0101d\u0113jam\u0101s baterijas, tostarp j\u016bnij\u0101 \u0145ujorkas e-velosip\u0113du veikal\u0101 notiku\u0161aj\u0101 incident\u0101, kas pras\u012bja \u010detru cilv\u0113ku dz\u012bv\u012bbas. Tom\u0113r p\u0113t\u012bjumi liecina, ka daudziem ugunsdz\u0113s\u0113ju dienestiem tr\u016bkst atbilsto\u0161as apm\u0101c\u012bbas, k\u0101 r\u012bkoties ar litija jonu akumulatoru ugunsgr\u0113kiem.<\/p>\n
Akumulatoru tipi, kas izgatavoti, izmantojot da\u017e\u0101dus litija \u0137\u012bmijas veidus, at\u0161\u0137iras p\u0113c ciklu ilguma, iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s pretest\u012bbas un pa\u0161izl\u0101des \u0101truma. Vislab\u0101kais veids, k\u0101 nov\u0113rt\u0113t akumulatora vesel\u012bbu, ir noteikt t\u0101 ietilp\u012bbu; t\u0101s zudums nosaka, kad b\u016bs nepiecie\u0161ama nomai\u0146a. Ciklu skaits nevar b\u016bt prec\u012bzs r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js, jo izl\u0101des dzi\u013cums ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgs un nav univers\u0101lu standartu, kas noteiktu, kas ir viens cikls (s\u012bk\u0101ku inform\u0101ciju skat\u012bt m\u016bsu dokument\u0101 BU-501: Izl\u0101des pamati).<\/p>\n
Flash baterijas ir izstr\u0101d\u0101tas, izmantojot dro\u0161\u0101kos un augst\u0101k\u0101s kvalit\u0101tes elementus, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu optim\u0101lu veiktsp\u0113ju. M\u016bsu litija dzelzs fosf\u0101ta (LiFePO4) \u0137\u012bmiskais sast\u0101vs nodro\u0161ina ilg\u0101ku kalpo\u0161anas laiku un augst\u0101ku dro\u0161\u012bbu, k\u0101 ar\u012b optim\u0101lu katra elementa izmanto\u0161anu, izmantojot m\u016bsu Mastervolt akumulatoru vad\u012bbas sist\u0113mu (BMS). P\u0113c tam m\u016bsu zibspuldzes balans\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113ma uzrauga to st\u0101vokli gan uzl\u0101des, gan izl\u0101des ciklu laik\u0101, lai autom\u0101tiski l\u012bdzsvarotu augstas un zemas veiktsp\u0113jas \u0161\u016bnas.<\/p>\n
Akumulatoru bloku vad\u012bbas elektronikai j\u0101b\u016bt iztur\u012bgai pret lielu uzl\u0101des\/izl\u0101des str\u0101vu, mitru vidi un meh\u0101niskiem triecieniem. Mastervolt m\u0113s to pan\u0101kam, izmantojot piln\u012bb\u0101 integr\u0113tu NMEA 2000, CZone vai MasterBus akumulatoru vad\u012bbas sist\u0113mu, kas atvieglo akumulatoru uzraudz\u012bbu\/balans\u0113\u0161anu darb\u012bbas laik\u0101 un integr\u0101ciju baro\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101s, kas darbina j\u016bsu iek\u0101rtas.<\/p>\n
Jaun\u0101s tehnolo\u0123ijas un inov\u0101cijas apsteidz dro\u0161\u012bbas organiz\u0101ciju un ugunsdz\u0113s\u012bbas dienestu sp\u0113jas tikt l\u012bdzi, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 t\u0101d\u0101s pils\u0113t\u0101s k\u0101 \u0145ujorka un Sanfrancisko izc\u0113l\u0101s litija akumulatoru ugunsgr\u0113ki, kas, k\u0101 zi\u0146ots, rad\u012bja nopietnus boj\u0101jumus konstrukcij\u0101m.<\/p>\n
Lai gan litijs ir inerts elements, baterijas ir \u013coti jut\u012bgas pret vides apst\u0101k\u013ciem, piem\u0113ram, temperat\u016bru un \u0137\u012bmisko iedarb\u012bbu. T\u0101p\u0113c ir ieviesti jauni dro\u0161\u012bbas standarti, lai nov\u0113rstu un p\u0101rvald\u012btu ar baterij\u0101m saist\u012btus negad\u012bjumus un nelaimes gad\u012bjumus; \u0161\u0101di pas\u0101kumi ietver to tur\u0113\u0161anu t\u0101l\u0101k no met\u0101la priek\u0161metiem, nepieskar\u0161anos \u0161\u0137idram vai s\u0101\u013cam \u016bdenim un tur\u0113\u0161anu \u0101rpus augsta mitruma vides.<\/p>\n
Uzl\u0101d\u0113jot akumulatorus, tie ir jut\u012bgi pret stresu, jo \u012bpa\u0161i ekstrem\u0101l\u0101s temperat\u016br\u0101s vai ar p\u0101r\u0101k augstu uzl\u0101des st\u0101vok\u013ca (SoC) iestat\u012bjumu. P\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bga karstuma iedarb\u012bba vai uztur\u0113\u0161an\u0101s pie ekstr\u0113miem SoC r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101jiem palielina iek\u0161\u0113jo pretest\u012bbu un samazina kapacit\u0101ti; litija jonu akumulatoru lieto\u0161ana pie vid\u0113ja SoC r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ja nodro\u0161ina optim\u0101lu ilgm\u016b\u017e\u012bbu un veiktsp\u0113ju.<\/p>\n
Uzl\u0101d\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101 var notikt \u0137\u012bmisko vielu nopl\u016bde. \u0160\u0101da nopl\u016bde var izrais\u012bt \u012bssavienojumu, kas noved pie termiska tuvum\u0101 eso\u0161o bateriju elementu izs\u012bk\u0161anas un galu gal\u0101 straujas ugunsgr\u0113ka izplat\u012b\u0161an\u0101s, kuru ir gr\u016bti aptur\u0113t.<\/p>\n
Jaun\u0101kajos litija jonu akumulatoru projektos tiek izmantoti \u012bpa\u0161i pl\u0101ni atdal\u012bt\u0101ji, kas pagarina kalend\u0101ra kalpo\u0161anas laiku, bet ir jut\u012bgi pret pies\u0101r\u0146ojumu ar piemais\u012bjumiem vai nagiem\/asiem priek\u0161metiem, kas potenci\u0101li var iek\u013c\u016bt \u0161ajos atdal\u012bt\u0101jos un izrais\u012bt termisku izs\u012bk\u0161anu, kuru nav iesp\u0113jams aptur\u0113t.<\/p>\n
Ba\u017eas rada ar\u012b litija izmanto\u0161ana transportl\u012bdzek\u013cos, kur to var pak\u013caut ce\u013cu satiksmes negad\u012bjumiem vai \u013caunpr\u0101t\u012bgai izmanto\u0161anai, kas var izrais\u012bt ugunsgr\u0113ku. Nesen veiktaj\u0101 p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101, ko veica Andersons un citi, konstat\u0113ts, ka, agr\u012bni ievie\u0161ot ugunsgr\u0113ka situ\u0101cij\u0101, piem\u0113ram, zemas izple\u0161an\u0101s putas vai sl\u0101pek\u013ca g\u0101zi k\u0101 ugunsgr\u0113ka dz\u0113\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, var pal\u012bdz\u0113t \u0101tri atdzes\u0113t akumulatorus, vienlaikus \u0101tri nodz\u0113\u0161ot liesmas.<\/p>\n
Ja neskaita ugunsdz\u0113s\u012bbas pas\u0101kumus, ar akumulatoru darbin\u0101miem transportl\u012bdzek\u013ciem vienm\u0113r j\u0101str\u0101d\u0101 speci\u0101listam, kas ir sertific\u0113ts hibr\u012bda un elektrisko transportl\u012bdzek\u013cu jom\u0101. Tas nodro\u0161ina, ka tie tiek pien\u0101c\u012bgi p\u0101rbaud\u012bti pirms appl\u016b\u0161anas, k\u0101 ar\u012b tiek tur\u0113ti vismaz 50 p\u0113du att\u0101lum\u0101 no jebk\u0101diem uzliesmojo\u0161iem materi\u0101liem.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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